The intestine integrates food-derived cues to coordinate organismal physiology, yet the molecular specialization of discrete regions along the intestinal epithelium remains unclear. Here, we generate cell type-specific translatomes of the Caenorhabdi...

Arsenic is a naturally occurring metalloid, and its pollution poses a global threat to humanity. Studies have shown that arsenic exposure accelerates aging, but the effects and mechanisms of sodium arsenite exposure on aging across both parental and ...

The co-chaperone FKBP51 serves as a critical molecular intersection between environmental stress and metabolic health, yet the specific tissue-level mechanisms driving its systemic effects remain poorly understood. While global FKBP51 deficiency prov...

Secondary bacterial metabolites can regulate animal physiology, but the specific bacterial genes and molecules responsible for regulating, synthesizing, and transporting these molecules and the mechanisms by which they impact animal physiology often ...

Background: Oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, impaired autophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction are major contributors to ageing and neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigated whether AgeViva could counteract these processes by modulating...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent liver disease associated with insulin resistance and hepatic lipid accumulation. Polyphenols have attracted considerable attention for their hepatoprotective and l...

Glutamate synthesized from the proline can serve as a precursor for key intermediate metabolites of citric acid cycle. Recently, we observed reduced glutamate content and expression of alh-6 controlling glutamate synthesis by 6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ) i...

Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) is a widely used plasticizer, but its potential impact on immunity remains largely unexplored. In this study, synchronized L1-stage Caenorhabditis elegans were exposed to 0.0001-0.1 g/L DCHP for 72 h to investigate the e...

Although 6:2 Chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFES, F-53B) is gaining popularity in China as an alternative to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), its environmental effects on organisms are still not fully understood. This research e...

In multicellular organisms, development entails the progression of diverse cellular processes that need to be temporally coordinated. During Caenorhabditis elegans postembryonic development, the events of molting and cell divisions progress in parall...

DAF-2 insulin-like receptor signaling stimulates DAF-16 S249 phosphorylation, suggesting DAF-2 activates PAR-1.

This adaptive transcriptional program, governed by the GATA transcription factor, ELT-2, and modulated by the acetyltransferase CBP-1, operates independently of canonical longevity pathways such as the DAF-2 insulin-like signaling.

Notably, the neuroprotective effects of BSP were completely abolished in mutants of key insulin signaling pathway genes (daf-2, age-1, akt-1, akt-2, daf-16) and the AMPK homologous gene aak-2, indicating that its efficacy is associated with the insulin/AMPK-autophagy regulatory axis.

Collectively, our findings highlight that cycloastragenol reprograms lipid metabolism by down-regulating the insulin-like receptor (daf-2)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (age-1)/NHR-49 signaling while simultaneously enhancing the activity of the AAK-2/NAD-dependent protein deacetylase (SIR-2.1) pathway.

CPR-4 mediates these crowding responses through the insulin-like growth factor receptor DAF-2, multiple components in the insulin signaling pathway, and the SKN-1/Nrf transcription factor.

We demonstrated that: (1) FLP-11 suppresses larval development, resulting in dauer diapause; (2) the production and secretion of FLP-11 by specific neurons is modulated by the availability of food (e.g., Escherichia coli) and by population density, both of which determine larval development/dauer diapause via transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-like and insulin-like signaling; (3) the FLP-11 peptide reduces the production and secretion of DAF-7, the sole TGF-β-like protein involved in larval development; (4) FLP-11 is not involved in insulin-like signaling; (5) FLP-11 modulates dauer diapause via neuropeptide receptor-22 (NPR-22), which regulates DAF-7 production and secretion.

From this, we found that the effects of exogenous sugars on the phenotype of daf-2 mutant animals is dependent on the function of pyruvate dehydrogenase in bacteria and that the loss of bacterial pyruvate dehydrogenase genes (ex. aceE) is sufficient to mimic the effects of dietary sugars on dauer formation, longevity, and gene expression in insulin signaling deficient animals.

In C. elegans, GGT reduced lipid and glucose accumulation, prolonged lifespan, and modulated the expression of insulin signaling-related genes, including daf-16 and daf-2.

Collectively, our findings highlight that cycloastragenol reprograms lipid metabolism by down-regulating the insulin-like receptor (daf-2)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (age-1)/NHR-49 signaling while simultaneously enhancing the activity of the AAK-2/NAD-dependent protein deacetylase (SIR-2.1) pathway.

Using the daf-2 ( e1370 ) mutant allele, we sought to determine whether activating cellular stress responses in the insulin-like signaling (ILS) pathway could restore neuronal function in hTDP-43 expressing C. elegans .